Artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, are revolutionizing the educational landscape by offering personalized learning experiences. These tools provide instant answers and tailored support, potentially enhancing engagement and retention rates by up to 30%. Features like adaptive quizzes and intelligent tutoring cater to individual learning styles, making education more accessible and inclusive for students who struggle with traditional methods.

However, the convenience offered by AI may come at a cost. Recent studies, including experiments conducted at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School, indicate that reliance on AI for research can lead to weaker understanding and less original insights compared to traditional search methods. This is attributed to AI’s tendency to deliver concise, ready-made answers, which can diminish active engagement and critical thinking—key components of long-term learning retention.

A similar trend was observed in a 2024 study involving high school students. Those who depended on AI tools excelled in immediate assignments but performed poorly on later tests requiring recall without AI assistance. The researchers highlighted a “motivation problem,” where learners might exert less effort if they perceive AI as more intelligent, resulting in superficial learning.

Despite these challenges, AI is not inherently detrimental to education. When integrated thoughtfully, such as encouraging students to critique AI-generated content or ask probing questions, AI can foster deeper engagement and support retention. Educators play a crucial role in this balance by designing lessons that promote critical interaction with AI.

The analogy of AI being like candy underscores the importance of moderation. While AI offers unprecedented personalization and accessibility, its use should complement rather than replace human effort and critical thinking. As AI continues to evolve, fostering self-directed learning will be essential to ensure knowledge retention over time.