Crimes against women in India saw a marginal increase in 2023, according to the latest figures released by the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB). The data highlights a 0.7 percent rise compared to the previous year, with a total of 4.48 lakh cases registered nationwide. Among these, incidents categorized as “cruelty by husband or relatives” accounted for the largest proportion, underscoring persistent concerns about domestic violence and abuse within households.

Marginal Increase in Reported Cases

The NCRB report indicates that while the overall increase was relatively small, it reflects ongoing challenges in addressing crimes against women across the country. The total number of cases climbed from the previous year’s tally to reach 4.48 lakh, showing that despite awareness campaigns and legal frameworks, women continue to face significant threats to their safety and dignity.

Domestic Cruelty Tops Offense Categories

The single largest category of reported crimes was cruelty inflicted by husbands or their relatives. This category has consistently represented a major share of offenses against women, pointing toward deep-rooted social and cultural issues that perpetuate domestic abuse. Such cases often involve harassment, physical violence, or mental cruelty within marital or family settings, making them particularly difficult for victims to report and escape from.

Rape Cases and Victims Under 18

The NCRB documented 29,670 rape cases during the year, including 852 victims who were under the age of 18. These figures highlight not only the prevalence of sexual violence but also its impact on minors, raising concerns about child protection and safety measures across states. The persistence of such crimes underscores the urgent need for stronger preventive mechanisms and support systems for survivors.

Regional Trends: Uttar Pradesh and Delhi

In terms of state-level data, Uttar Pradesh recorded the highest number of total cases filed under crimes against women in 2023. Meanwhile, Delhi registered the highest crime rate per one lakh female population, reflecting how urban centers can experience concentrated reporting levels even if overall case numbers are lower than larger states. These regional variations highlight differences in population density, reporting practices, and law enforcement responses across India.

The Broader Implications

Although the overall rise was less than one percent, experts note that even marginal increases point toward persistent systemic issues requiring long-term solutions. The data suggests that while legal provisions exist to protect women from violence and harassment, implementation and social change remain critical challenges. Addressing these crimes requires not only stricter enforcement but also greater societal awareness and support structures for victims who often face stigma when coming forward.

The NCRB’s findings serve as a reminder that crimes against women remain a pressing concern across India despite gradual progress in some areas. With domestic cruelty continuing to dominate reported offenses and sexual violence affecting thousands each year—including minors—the report emphasizes the need for sustained efforts from authorities, communities, and civil society alike to ensure safer environments for women nationwide.